Discovering unusual bumps around the vaginal area can be concerning. It is important to understand whether they require attention, their causes, and how to treat them. Many vaginal lumps and bumps are harmless and can be treated easily, while others may need medical evaluation. Most vaginal bumps typically resolve without intervention.

This guide covers the most common causes of vaginal bumps, how to identify them, and what you can do about them. We’ll walk through everything from harmless conditions to those requiring medical care, plus when it’s time to see a doctor.

Key Takeaways

  • Most vaginal lumps and bumps can be managed at home with proper care, and many clear up without intervention
  • Common causes include ingrown hairs, cysts, genital pimples, and certain infections
  • Some sexually transmitted infections (STIs) can cause bumps or sores in around the vaginal area
  • Changes in size, color, or number of bumps could signal a need for medical attention
  • Always consult a healthcare provider for proper diagnosis before attempting home treatments
  • Regular genital self-exams can help you catch changes early

Understanding Vaginal Anatomy

Before discussing the various types of bumps, it is important to clarify the area in question. The term “vaginal bumps” typically refers to bumps located anywhere in the genital region, not exclusively inside the vagina.

The female genital area includes:

  • Vulva – The external parts including the labia (vaginal lips), clitoris, and the openings to the vagina and urethra
  • Vagina – The internal canal that connects the vulva to the cervix
  • Pubic area – The skin covered with pubic hair above and around the vaginal area

Bumps can appear in any of these areas for various reasons. Knowing the exact location can help your doctor with diagnosis.

Common Causes of Vaginal Bumps

1. Ingrown Hairs

What they are: When hair grows back into the skin instead of up and out.

How they look: Small, red, sometimes painful bumps that might have a visible hair trapped underneath.

Why they happen: Ingrown hairs often appear after shaving, waxing, or other hair removal methods. When hair is cut or removed, it sometimes curls back and grows into the skin instead of out from the follicle.

Treatment options:

  • Warm compresses to reduce inflammation
  • Gentle exfoliation to release trapped hairs
  • Avoiding tight clothing that can irritate the area
  • Taking a break from hair removal until the area heals

Prevention:

  • Use a sharp, clean razor when shaving
  • Shave in the direction of hair growth
  • Exfoliate regularly
  • Consider laser hair removal for permanent reduction

2. Bartholin’s Cysts

What they are: Fluid-filled bumps that form when the Bartholin’s glands (located on either side of the vaginal opening) become blocked.

How they look: Round, sometimes painless vaginal lumps near the vaginal opening that can range from pea-sized to larger.

Why they happen: The glands normally produce fluid that lubricates the vagina. If the duct gets blocked, fluid builds up and forms a cyst.

Treatment options:

  • Sitz baths (sitting in warm, shallow water) several times a day
  • Pain relievers like ibuprofen for discomfort
  • If infected (called an abscess), antibiotics may be needed
  • For large or painful cysts, a doctor might need to drain it

When to see a doctor: If the cyst becomes very painful, grows rapidly, or you develop fever, see a healthcare provider right away. These could be signs of infection. Cysts typically go away without treatment, but infected cysts may need to be drained by a doctor.

3. Vaginal Pimples and Folliculitis

What they are: Similar to pimples elsewhere on the body, genital pimples are inflamed or infected hair follicles.

How they look: Small, red bumps that may have a white head, similar to facial acne.

Why they happen: Bacteria can get trapped in hair follicles, especially after shaving or from sweating in tight clothing.

Treatment options:

  • Keep the area clean with mild, fragrance-free soap
  • Apply warm compresses to reduce inflammation
  • Wear loose-fitting cotton underwear
  • Avoid tight clothing until healed

Prevention:

  • Change out of wet or sweaty clothes promptly
  • Avoid harsh soaps and douches that disrupt natural pH
  • Use clean razors and proper shaving technique

4. Sebaceous Cysts

What they are: Small sacs filled with sebum (the oil that lubricates skin and hair). The most common type of vaginal cyst is the vaginal inclusion cyst. Vaginal inclusion cysts can form after childbirth or vaginal injury.

How they look: Smooth, round bumps under the skin that are usually painless and move slightly when touched.

Why they happen: When a sebaceous gland or duct becomes blocked or damaged.

Treatment options:

  • Most sebaceous cysts are harmless and don’t need treatment
  • If painful or cosmetically bothersome, a doctor can remove them
  • Never try to pop or drain these cysts at home – this can lead to infection

When to see a doctor: If the cyst becomes red, tender, or starts draining pus, it might be infected and need medical treatment. Vaginal cysts may sometimes need to be drained or surgically removed if they cause discomfort.

5. Genital Warts (HPV)

What they are: Growths caused by certain strains of human papillomavirus (HPV), a common sexually transmitted infection.

How they look: Skin colored or slightly darker bumps with a cauliflower-like appearance. They can be raised or flat and may appear in clusters.

Why they happen: HPV is spread through skin-to-skin sexual contact. Most sexually active people will contract HPV at some point, though not all strains cause warts.

Treatment options:

  • Prescription creams or solutions that can be applied at home
  • In-office treatments like cryotherapy (freezing), laser treatment, or surgical removal
  • Your body may clear the virus over time, but the warts often need treatment

Prevention:

  • HPV vaccines protect against the most common wart-causing strains
  • Using condoms reduces (but doesn’t eliminate) risk
  • Regular STI screenings if you’re sexually active

Important note: Some HPV strains are linked to cervical cancer, so regular Pap tests are essential even if you don’t have visible warts.

6. Genital Herpes Sores

What they are: Painful blisters or sores caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV).

How they look: Small, painful, fluid-filled blisters that can break open, forming ulcers that crust over as they heal.

Why they happen: Herpes is spread through skin-to-skin contact, including sexual contact. HSV-1 typically causes oral herpes but can cause genital herpes, while HSV-2 usually causes genital herpes.

Treatment options:

  • Antiviral medications can reduce symptoms and healing time
  • Pain relievers and warm baths can help with discomfort
  • The virus stays in your body permanently, but outbreaks often decrease over time

When to see a doctor: If you suspect herpes, see a healthcare provider for testing and treatment. Early treatment can shorten outbreaks.

Prevention:

  • Avoiding sexual contact during outbreaks
  • Using condoms (though they don’t fully prevent transmission)
  • Taking daily suppressive therapy if you have frequent outbreaks

7. Molluscum Contagiosum

What they are: Small viral growths caused by the molluscum contagiosum virus.

How they look: Tiny bumps that are skin colored or pink  and dome-shaped with a dimple in the center. They’re usually painless.

Why they happen: The virus spreads through skin-to-skin contact, including sexual contact, or by touching contaminated objects.

Treatment options:

  • Many cases clear up on their own within 6-12 months
  • A dermatologist can remove the bumps by freezing, scraping, or applying a chemical treatment
  • Prescription creams may help speed healing

Prevention:

  • Avoid skin-to-skin contact with affected areas
  • Don’t share towels, clothing, or razors
  • If sexually transmitted, using condoms may help reduce spread

8. Contact Dermatitis

What they are: Skin reactions to irritants or allergens that can cause bumps, redness, and itching.

How they look: Red, irritated skin with small bumps or blisters; the skin may be dry, cracked, or scaly.

Why they happen: Contact with irritants like soaps, detergents, feminine hygiene products, or allergens like latex condoms or spermicides.

Treatment options:

  • Identifying and removing the irritant
  • Cool compresses and over-the-counter hydrocortisone cream for mild cases
  • Antihistamines for itching
  • For severe reactions, prescription medications may be needed

Prevention:

  • Use gentle, fragrance-free products
  • Avoid douches and harsh soaps
  • Consider switching to hypoallergenic condoms if latex is an issue
  • Cotton underwear allows better airflow and reduces irritation

9. Vaginal Varicosities (Vulvar Varicose Veins)

What they are: Swollen veins in the vulva, similar to varicose veins in the legs.

How they look: Bluish, raised, sometimes lumpy veins that may be visible under the skin of the vulva. Note, this is completely unrelated to the term ‘blue vulva’, which is analagous to ‘blue balls’ in men.

Why they happen: They’re often triggered by pregnancy when increased blood volume and pressure from the growing uterus cause veins to swell. They can also occur due to genetics or conditions that increase pressure in the pelvis.

Treatment options:

  • During pregnancy, they often resolve after delivery
  • Lying down with legs elevated to reduce pressure
  • Cold compresses to reduce pain and swelling
  • Support garments designed for vulvar varicosities

When to see a doctor: If they cause significant pain or discomfort, or if you notice sudden changes.

When to See a Healthcare Provider

While some vaginal bumps are harmless and go away on their own, others require medical attention. See a doctor if:

  • Bumps are painful, bleeding, or growing rapidly
  • You have multiple bumps that appeared suddenly
  • Bumps are accompanied by unusual discharge, odor, or fever
  • You’ve had unprotected sex with a new or untested partner
  • You’re pregnant and develop new bumps
  • Home treatments aren’t helping after 1-2 weeks
  • You’re simply worried or unsure about what the bumps are

Remember, gynecologists and other healthcare providers see these issues every day. There’s no need to feel embarrassed about seeking help.

How Vaginal Bumps Are Diagnosed

When you visit a healthcare provider about vaginal bumps, they might:

  • Take a detailed medical history, including sexual history
  • Perform a physical examination of the genital area
  • Take samples for testing (like swabs for STI testing)
  • In some cases, perform a biopsy (removing a small piece of tissue for examination)
  • Order blood tests if certain conditions are suspected

Provide information about your symptoms, when you first noticed the bumps, any changes you’ve observed, and your sexual health practices. Transparent responses assist your provider in making a precise diagnosis.

Home Care and Prevention

While some vaginal bumps require medical treatment, these general tips can help prevent many common causes:

Personal Hygiene

  • Clean the genital area daily with warm water and mild soap
  • Always wipe from front to back after using the toilet
  • Change out of wet swimsuits or sweaty clothes promptly
  • Wear cotton underwear and loose-fitting clothes when possible

Hair Removal Care

  • Use clean, sharp razors and replace them regularly
  • Consider trimming instead of complete removal to reduce irritation
  • Apply a warm compress before shaving to soften hair
  • Use shaving cream or gel designed for sensitive skin
  • Shave in the direction of hair growth

Sexual Health

  • Use barrier methods like condoms to reduce STI risk
  • Get regular STI testing if you’re sexually active
  • Consider the HPV vaccine if you’re eligible
  • Limit the number of sexual partners to reduce exposure risk

Products to Avoid

  • Scented tampons, pads, or liners
  • Douches and feminine sprays or deodorants
  • Harsh soaps, bubble baths, and bath oils
  • Tight synthetic underwear that doesn’t “breathe”

Natural Remedies for Vaginal Bumps

For non-infectious bumps like ingrown hairs or minor irritation, these home remedies might help:

  • Warm compresses – Apply to the area for 10-15 minutes several times daily to reduce inflammation and help bring boils or ingrown hairs to a head
  • Sitz baths – Sitting in a few inches of warm water can soothe irritation and help with healing
  • Tea tree oil – When diluted properly, it has antimicrobial properties that may help with minor skin infections (always do a patch test first)
  • Aloe vera – The gel has cooling and anti-inflammatory properties
  • Witch hazel – A natural astringent that can reduce inflammation
  • Wearing loose cotton clothing – Reduces friction and allows skin to breathe

Important: Don’t use home remedies if you suspect an STI or a serious condition. Get proper medical diagnosis first, and never apply essential oils or other strong substances directly to sensitive genital tissue without guidance from a healthcare provider.

Living With Recurring Conditions

Some conditions that cause vaginal bumps, like herpes or HPV, can recur throughout life. If you have a chronic condition:

  • Learn your triggers (stress, certain foods, hormonal changes) and try to avoid them
  • Consider joining a support group to connect with others who understand
  • Discuss suppressive therapy options with your doctor if appropriate
  • Be open with sexual partners about your status and use protection
  • Remember that many conditions become less severe over time

Living with a chronic condition can be emotionally challenging. If you’re struggling, consider speaking with a mental health professional.

How to Talk to Your Partner

If you’ve been diagnosed with an STI that caused vaginal bumps, having a conversation with your partner(s) is important but can be difficult. These tips may make it easier to manage:

  • Choose a private, quiet time to talk when you won’t be interrupted
  • Be direct but compassionate
  • Stick to medical facts rather than blame
  • Encourage them to get tested
  • Be prepared to answer questions or direct them to reliable resources

Remember that STIs are extremely common, and having one doesn’t reflect on your character or worth.

Vaginal Self-Exams

Regular self-exams can help you notice changes early. Here’s how to do one:

  1. Wash your hands thoroughly
  2. Find a comfortable position – either standing with one foot on a stool or sitting with knees bent
  3. Use a hand mirror to view your vulva
  4. Look for any changes in color, texture, or new growths
  5. Gently separate the labia to check the vaginal opening
  6. Note any changes to bring up with your healthcare provider

It is recommended that you self-examine at least once a month to familiarize yourself with what’s normal for your body, thus making it easier to know when something isn’t right.

FAQs About Vaginal Bumps

Are vaginal bumps normal?

Yes, many women have normal anatomical bumps in their genital area. These include sebaceous glands, which can look like tiny whiteheads around the vaginal area, and vestibular papillomatosis, which are small, finger-like projections that are a normal variant of vaginal anatomy. However, new bumps, especially those that are painful or changing, should be checked by a healthcare provider.

Can stress cause vaginal bumps?

Stress itself doesn’t directly cause vaginal bumps, but it can trigger outbreaks of conditions like herpes if you already have the virus.

Can vaginal bumps be cancerous?

While most vaginal bumps are benign (non-cancerous), some persistent or changing growths could be a sign of vulvar or vaginal cancer. These cancers are rare but possible. Warning signs include bumps that bleed easily, grow rapidly, change color, or don’t heal. Any concerning growth should be evaluated by a healthcare provider, especially in post-menopausal women.

How can I tell if vaginal bumps are STI-related?

STI-related bumps typically appear after sexual contact with a new partner and in clusters or groups. They may be painful or itchy, have a distinct appearance, and accompanied by other symptoms like discharge, pain, or burning.

Symptoms aren’t a reliable diagnosis method, however, so you should always check with a healthcare professional to know if your vaginal bumps are STI-related.

Can I pop vaginal bumps like pimples?

No, you should not pop or squeeze bumps in the genital area because it can spread the infection and delay proper treatment.

Even if the bump looks like a simple pimple, the genital area has sensitive skin and a high concentration of bacteria, making infection risk higher and scarring more likely.

Can certain foods cause vaginal bumps?

There’s no direct evidence that specific foods cause vaginal bumps.

How long do vaginal bumps typically last?

The duration depends entirely on the cause:

  • Ingrown hairs: Usually resolve in 1-2 weeks
  • Bartholin’s cysts: Can persist for weeks or months without treatment
  • Genital Pimples or folliculitis: Typically clear up in 1-2 weeks with proper care
  • Herpes sores: Usually heal within 2-4 weeks for first outbreaks, shorter for recurrences
  • Genital warts: Can persist indefinitely without treatment
  • Contact dermatitis: Usually improves within 2-3 weeks once the irritant is removed

If bumps don’t improve within a reasonable timeframe, see a healthcare provider.

Sources

  1. Female genital anatomy. https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/womens-health/in-depth/vagina/art-20046562
  2. How to Identify, Treat, and Prevent Infected Ingrown Hairs. – https://www.healthline.com/health/infected-ingrown-hair
  3. Bartholin’s cyst. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/bartholin-cyst/symptoms-causes/syc-20369976
  4. Understanding vaginal pimples. https://www.verywellhealth.com/vaginal-pimples-5181551
  5. Sebaceous cysts: Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment. https://www.healthline.com/health/sebaceous-cyst
  6. Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Infection. https://www.cdc.gov/hpv/index.html
  7. Genital herpes – Symptoms and causes. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/genital-herpes/symptoms-causes/syc-20356161
  8. Molluscum Contagiosum. https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/molluscum-contagiosum/index.html
  9. Contact dermatitis. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/contact-dermatitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20352742
  10. Signs and Symptoms of Vaginal Cancer. https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/vaginal-cancer/detection-diagnosis-staging/signs-symptoms.html
  11. Vaginal pimples: Causes and treatment.. https://www.healthline.com/health/womens-health/vaginal-pimples